Before the death of Nadab and Abihu (as seen above) and after it as well, I suspect, the people were glad to let someone else get close to God. In Acts chapter 5, where Ananias and Sapphira were judged of God, the church age has just commenced with Pentecost (Acts 2). 4b-9), Aaron and sons washed and clothed with priestly garments (vv. The grandson of Aaron and son of Eleazar, the High Priests (Exodus 6:25), he distinguished himself as a youth at Shittim with his zeal against . 28:12). Just as it was only the sons of Aaron who were priests under the Law of Moses, so it is only those who are in Christ by personal faith who are priests today. 19:22-24, emphasis mine). When Phinehas the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the priest, saw it, he arose from the midst of the congregation, and took a spear in his hand; and he went after the man of Israel into the tent, and pierced both of them through, the man of Israel and the woman, through the body. But now take courage, Zerubbabel, declares the Lord, take courage also, Joshua son of Jehozadak, the high priest, and all you people of the land take courage, declares the Lord, and work; for I am with you, declares the Lord of hosts. 16-20) because they provide us with the backdrop for understanding the consternation of Moses when the sin offering cannot be found. 110) and a high priest on the throne (Zech. He shall put on the holy linen tunic, and the linen undergarments shall be next to his body, and he shall be girded with the linen sash and attired with the linen turban (these are holy garments). When a goat was offered for a sin offering, the breast which was a wave offering was to be eaten by the priests. Let us hold fast the confession of our hope without wavering, for He who promised is faithful; and let us consider how to stimulate one another to love and good deeds, not forsaking our own assembling together, as is the habit of some, but encouraging one another; and all the more, as you see the day drawing near (Heb. 28:1-4). 7, 26-27). A brief summary of these two chapters will show the close relationship they have with each other: Present one bull, two rams, unleavened bread, cakes, oil (vv. Now if perfection was through the Levitical priesthood (for on the basis of it the people received the Law), what further need was there for another priest to arise according to the order of Melchizedek, and not be designated according to the order of Aaron? Then fire came out from before the LORD and consumed the burnt offering and the portions of fat on the altar; and when all the people saw it, they shouted and fell on their faces (Lev. Moreover, he shall stand before Eleazar the priest, who shall inquire for him by the judgment of the Urim before the Lord. The remaining blood was poured on the altar; then collected again from the altar, mixed with the anointing oil, and sprinkled upon the High Priest and his garments. Comment He also placed the turban on his head, and on the turban, at its front, he placed the golden plate, the holy crown, just as the Lord had commanded Moses. Aarons actions and those of his two younger sons were not normal, but then this was no typical day in the lives of the priests. 20 Bible Verses about Christ, The High Priest Psalm 110:4 Verse Concepts The Lord has sworn and will not change His mind, "You are a priest forever According to the order of Melchizedek." Hebrews 5:6 Verse Concepts just as He says also in another passage, "You are a priest forever According to the order of Melchizedek." Hebrews 6:20 I think that is one of the principle reasons why Christians today want to have a small priestly class, and clergy, as it were, who will represent them before God, and who will relieve them of the responsibility of getting to close to God, and having to pay the higher price of purity, discipline, and devotion which this entails. When things like these happened to me, if I had eaten a sin offering today, would it have been good in the sight of the LORD? (v. 19). the woven garments as well, and the holy garments for Aaron the priest, and the garments of his sons, with which to carry on their priesthood; if the anointed priest sins so as to bring guilt on the people, then let him offer to the Lord a bull without defect as a sin offering for the sin he has committed. Therefore I have sworn to the house of Eli that the iniquity of Elis house shall not be atoned for by sacrifice or offering forever.. Jethro, Moses' father-in-law and the priest of Midian, was also recognized as non-Israelite priest of the true God of Sinai by Moses, Aaron, and the elders of Israel ( Exod 2:16 ; 3:1 . Bob is a pastor/teacher and elder at Community Bible Chapel in Richardson, Texas, and has contributed many of his Bible study series for use by the Foundation. 4), The High Priest performed the atoning sacrifice and burnt offering on the great Day of Atonement once a year, entering the Holy of Holies with the blood from the sacrifice. It is to be a sabbath of solemn rest for you, that you may humble your souls; it is a permanent statute. It instructed the saints of old not to put their trust in men, but in God. Thus, for example, the distinction between laity and clergy was maintained. Immediately thereafter, God gave Aaron instructions concerning drinking while on duty (vv. When we come to the Old Testament Levitical priesthood, we must recognize that this priesthood has been rendered obsolete by the coming of Christ, and the inauguration of His perfect priesthood, which brings men to perfection. On these two stones were engraved the names of the sons of Israel. For if the blood of goats and bulls and the ashes of a heifer sprinkling those who have been defiled sanctify for the cleansing of the flesh, how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered Himself without blemish to God, cleanse your conscience from dead works to serve the living God? 10:21-25, emphasis mine). So you shall ordain Aaron and his sons. Shelemiah. In chapters 8-10, the priesthood is established, and yet at what seems to be the very outset of the priests assuming their duties, the two sons of Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, are smitten of God for their irreverence. Of Levi he said,Let Your Thummim and Your Urim belong to Your godly man,Whom You proved at Massah,With whom You contended at the waters of Meribah; But at the evening offering I arose from my humiliation, even with my garment and my robe torn, and I fell on my knees and stretched out my hands to the Lord my God; Now those who were to camp before the tabernacle eastward, before the tent of meeting toward the sunrise, are Moses and Aaron and his sons, performing the duties of the sanctuary for the obligation of the sons of Israel; but the layman coming near was to be put to death. And this is clearer still, if another priest arises according to the likeness of Melchizedek. being designated by God as a high priest according to the order of Melchizedek. Then Aaron shall offer the bull of the sin offering which is for himself and make atonement for himself and for his household, and he shall slaughter the bull of the sin offering which is for himself. Otherwise, He would have needed to suffer often since the foundation of the world; but now once at the consummation of the ages He has been manifested to put away sin by the sacrifice of Himself. The purpose of these offerings is to make preparations for the revelation of the glory of God to the people: And Moses said, This is the thing which the LORD has commanded you to do, that the glory of the LORD may appear to you (Lev. As special officers, they require special qualifications. With his finger he shall sprinkle some of the blood on it seven times and cleanse it, and from the impurities of the sons of Israel consecrate it. The man who drew back from God now pressed upon Him. For Permission to Quote Information visit http://www.lockman.org. At the beginning of our text, in chapter 8, Moses was the prominent figure, as he has been throughout the account of the exodus. Holy Bible, New International Version, NIV Copyright 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc. Used by permission. Therefore it was necessary for Christ to be both God and man: God to live perfectly holy, to give an infinite value to His work, and to bear the full wrath of God against sin; and man so He could suffer and die; because it was man that had sinned, God's justice required that man had to pay the penalty of that sin. The worlds hope is a counterfeit hope, it is only a delusion. 29-30), Commands related to the eating of the ram of ordination (vv. 2 pages. (3) Priests must not do anything which dulls their sense of judgment or their grasp of the significance of what they are doing (vv. You shall say to them: The LORD bless you, and keep you; The LORD make His face shine on you, And be gracious to you; read more. The Book of Hebrews has much to say about Christ as our great High Priest, and of His superiority to the Aaronic order. Hebrews 10:19-22 ESV / 16 helpful votes Helpful Not Helpful. also vv. In this passage and Zechariah 6:9-15, the future expectation of a priest-king is confirmed. Then Eliashib the high priest arose with his brothers the priests and built the Sheep Gate; they consecrated it and hung its doors. Therefore He is able also to save forever those who draw near to God through Him, since He always lives to make intercession for them. 14 Therefore, since we have a great high priest who has ascended into heaven,[ a] Jesus the Son of God, let us hold firmly to the faith we profess. 2:16; 3:1; 18:1). Aaron shall cast lots for the two goats, one lot for the Lord and the other lot for the scapegoat. Then Haggai, the messenger of the Lord, spoke by the commission of the Lord to the people saying, I am with you, declares the Lord. So the Lord stirred up the spirit of Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, governor of Judah, and the spirit of Joshua the son of Jehozadak, the high priest, and the spirit of all the remnant of the people; and they came and worked on the house of the Lord of hosts, their God. For every high priest taken from among men is appointed on behalf of men in things pertaining to God, in order to offer both gifts and sacrifices for sins; he can deal gently with the ignorant and misguided, since he himself also is beset with weakness; and because of it he is obligated to offer sacrifices for sins, as for the people, so also for himself . Eli (Hebrew: , Modern: El, Tiberian: l, lit. Leviticus 16:1-34 Now the Lord spoke to Moses after the death of the two sons of Aaron, when they had approached the presence of the Lord and died. God instructed Aaron that alcohol was not to be mixed with priestly duties. Let us therefore draw near with confidence to the throne of grace, that we may receive mercy and may find grace to help in time of need. Verse Concepts. This is the first time the word robe is used in the Bible. 18-21), Second ram to be offered as an ordination offering (vv. 28:35, 43; 30:20, 21; Lev. 9:6, emphasis mine). For we do not have a high priest who cannot sympathize with our weaknesses, but one who has been tempted in all things as we are, yet without sin. The High Priest used the Urim and the Thummim to inform the people of the will of the Lord in matters concerning their nation. The Lord said to Moses:Tell your brother Aaron that he shall not enter at any time into the holy place inside the veil, before the mercy seat which is on the ark, or he will die; for I will appear in the cloud over the mercy seat. 10:19-25). The writer to the Hebrews makes much of the superiority of Christ and of His priesthood, after the order of Melchizedek. And the people showed reverence for the Lord. It has occurred to me that the Pentateuch is really a record of repeated human failures, and contains very few real success stories. How can we explain this change? Yom Kippur or Day of Atonement is one of the most solemn of all Bible feasts. 'ascent' or 'above'; Ancient Greek: , romanized: li; Latin: Heli, fl. Due to the sinfulness of these priests provision had to be made to cover their own sins, so that they would not die (cf. 13:1-7). Leviticus 21:1-24 And the LORD said to Moses, Speak to the priests the sons of Aaron, and say to them cf. The one who released the goat as the scapegoat shall wash his clothes and bathe his body with water; then afterward he shall come into the camp. May God grant us to see, and to believe that the better way has been finished by our Lord Jesus Christ, who is all sufficient, and who is worthy of all of our hope and trust. 6:1-2), and citizens, who are to honor those in authority (cf. This is clearly taught elsewhere in the New Testament. but He, having offered one sacrifice for sins for all time, Yes, it is He who will build the temple of the, But now He has obtained a more excellent ministry, by as much as He is also the, who has become such not on the basis of a law of, who does not need daily, like those high priests, to, Otherwise, He would have needed to suffer often since, The LORD lift up His countenance on you, And give you peace. in 1971. Aaron and his sons are now commanded to offer sacrifices, first for their own sins, and then for the sins of the nation. Then he shall bathe his body in water and put them on. The need for the High Priest in the Old Testament illustrated the need for a Mediator. He shall take the two goats and present them before the, Aaron shall cast lots for the two goats, one lot for the, Then Aaron shall offer the goat on which the lot for the, But the goat on which the lot for the scapegoat fell shall be presented alive before the. Rom. Leviticus 16: Repentance and Restoration (Day of Atonement) Leviticus 16 builds upon the preceding chapters by outlining the sacrifices of the great Day of Atonement. The high priest had to be "whole" physically (without any physical defects) and holy in his conduct ( Leviticus 21:6-8 ). Gad and Reuben and the half-tribe of Manasseh also have received their inheritance eastward beyond the Jordan, which Moses the servant of the Lord gave them.. The weapons of the Christian are likewise described as those things which are worn by the saint (cf. For since He Himself was tempted in that which He has suffered, He is able to come to the aid of those who are tempted. but the chamber which faces toward the north is for the priests who keep charge of the altar. Gad and Reuben and the half-tribe of Manasseh also have received their inheritance eastward beyond the Jordan, which Moses the servant of the Lord gave them.". "Then bring near to yourself Aaron your brother, and his sons with him, from among the sons of Israel, to minister as priest to MeAaron, Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar, Aaron's sons. And are you seeking for the priesthood also? [2] Bukki, son of Abishua Uzzi, son of Bukki The man who acts presumptuously by not listening to the priest who stands there to serve the. Between 1610-1620 Gerard van Honthorst stayed and worked in Rome. The Clothes for the High Priest -(Exodus 39.1-7)The Lord said to Moses: -Send for your brother Aaron and his sons Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar. This same principle of showing honor by our obedience applies to others, including children, who are to honor their parents (Eph. He shall make atonement for the holy place, because of the impurities of the sons of Israel and because of their transgressions in regard to all their sins; and thus he shall do for the tent of meeting which abides with them in the midst of their impurities. 28:30b). A God who is Holy is a God who is to be honored, and we honor God by obeying Him. The painter Joachim von Sandrart (a pupil of Honthorst) claims that the Marquis Vincenzo . Ponder the implications. Then the whole congregation of the sons of Israel assembled themselves at Shiloh, and set up the tent of meeting there; and the land was subdued before them. When God first appeared from Mt. Verse Concepts. The main purpose of the Old Testament Priesthood teaches us a lesson largely ignored or passed over by many today. Gods hope is certain. Therefore, holy brethren, partakers of a heavenly calling, consider Jesus, the Apostle and High Priest of our confession; And no one takes the honor to himself, but receives it when he is called by God, even as Aaron was. Leviticus 9 changes the focus from Moses to Aaron. There are several occupations that I would gladly pay someone else an exorbitant salary to do than to have to do it myself. 1:18; Heb. This disaster had a very beneficial effect on at least one of the other sons of Aaron, Eleazar. So also Christ did not glorify Himself so as to become a high priest, but He who said to Him, "YOU ARE MY SON, TODAY I HAVE BEGOTTEN YOU"; And Melchizedek king of Salem brought out bread and wine; now he was a priest of God Most High. It was, however, clearly designated as an act of direct disobedience to Gods commands. For it was fitting for us to have such a high priest, holy, innocent, undefiled, separated from sinners and exalted above the heavens; He was faithful to Him who appointed Him, as Moses also was in all His house. In the history of the church, the line has had to be redrawn, or at least rediscovered. But you are a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for Gods own possession, that you may proclaim the excellencies of Him who has called you out of darkness into His marvelous light (1 Pet. For whatever was written in earlier times was written for our instruction, that through perseverance and the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope (Romans 15:4). Tell your brother Aaron that he shall not enter at any time into the holy place inside the veil, before the mercy seat which is on the ark, or he will die; for I will appear in the cloud over the mercy seat. but the chamber which faces toward the north is for the priests who keep charge of the altar. These men were privileged to accompany Moses and their father, along with others, to Mount Sinai, where they participated in the covenant meal with God (cf. 18 The Lord said to Aaron, "You, your sons and your family are to bear the responsibility for offenses connected with the sanctuary, and you and your sons alone are to bear the responsibility for offenses connected with the priesthood. 18:15), but Aaron is the great priest, who is the foreshadow of Christ, our Great High Priest. So Solomon dismissed Abiathar from being priest to the Lord, in order to fulfill the word of the Lord, which He had spoken concerning the house of Eli in Shiloh. May God grant that we, like the Israelites of old, might learn from the failures of the old institutions that God always has a better way. The High Priest At the top of the social and political scale was the High Priest. It is not difficult to see how reports of human failure would caution the Christian not to be too self-confident, but how can they produce hope at the same time? I take it therefore that Eleazar learned to regard the holiness of God very highly, and that this same regard was later evidenced in his son, Phinehas. Ideally, the Aaronic priesthood would have taken away iniquity: You shall also make a plate of pure gold and shall engrave on it, like the engraving of a seal, Holy to the LORD. And you shall fasten it on a blue cord, and it shall be on the turban; it shall be at the front of the turban. Then he shall slaughter the goat of the sin offering which is for the people, and bring its blood inside the veil and do with its blood as he did with the blood of the bull, and sprinkle it on the mercy seat and in front of the mercy seat. Now Eli the priest was sitting on the seat by the doorpost of the temple of the, Go up to Hilkiah the high priest that he may count the money brought in to the house of the. Jesus, the perfect and final high priest, through offering Himself as the Lamb of God, opened the way into God's presence for all who come through Him! Leviticus 8:1. In chapter 6, the whole race had to be wiped out, due to its sin. . The consecration of a High-Priest to his office took place in a very special service, (Exodus 29). Therefore, I want to close by emphasizing those principles of priesthood which have remained unchanged, from the days of the Aaronic order to our own days. You will remember that the abuses which Paul sought to correct in the remembrance of the Lord in the church at Corinth involved excesses in drink, so that their commemoration of the Lords Table was one that was dishonoring to Him: Therefore when you meet together, it is not to eat the Lords Supper, for in your eating each one takes his own supper first; and one is hungry and another is drunk Therefore whoever eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner, shall be guilty of the body and the blood of the Lord. 16-18). The one who released the goat as the scapegoat shall wash his clothes and bathe his body with water; then afterward he shall come into the camp. (D) 15For we do not have a high priest(E) who is unable to empathize with our weaknesses, but we have one who has been tempted in every way, just as we are(F)yet he did not sin. So Moses took some of the anointing oil and some of the blood which was on the altar and sprinkled it on Aaron, on his garments, on his sons, and on the garments of his sons with him; and he consecrated Aaron, his garments, and his sons, and the garments of his sons with him. With his finger he shall sprinkle some of the blood on it seven times and cleanse it, and from the impurities of the sons of Israel consecrate it. The death of Nadab and Abihu is the most striking incident in chapters 8-10, and serves to dramatically convey some important principles related to the priesthood. William C. Lamain The need for the High Priest in the Old Testament illustrated the need for a Mediator. I think the reason can be seen in the Old Testament text. Chapters 8-10 of the Book of Leviticus describe the origin and the ordination of the Aaronic priesthood. It was to be engraved with a seal, reading, Holy to the Lord (v. 36). Christ is a holy high priest, without guile, without stain, separate from sinners and raised above the heavens; one who has no need to perform daily sacrifices for his sins and those of the people, as did the high priests of old, because he did so once and for all when he offered himself ( Heb. So that He abandoned the dwelling place at Shiloh. The service which is to result from the cleansing accomplished by our Great High Priest is a priestly service. Then Aaron shall offer the goat on which the lot for the Lord fell, and make it a sin offering. (1) Priesthood is bestowed upon all those who are a member of the right family. In Exodus chapter 28 God instructed Moses concerning the priestly garments which would set Aaron and his sons apart. This act of paying the penalty for sin brought reconciliation (a . The cross of Jesus Christ marks the greatest dividing line of all history. More power (and more pay) to them! 19:6). The High Priest's Purpose | Reformed Bible Studies & Devotionals at Ligonier.org | Reformed Bible Studies & Devotionals at Ligonier.org The old covenant high priests offered sacrifices that satisfied God's justice and demonstrated His mercy. Then the one who burns them shall wash his clothes and bathe his body with water, then afterward he shall come into the camp. They shall teach Your ordinances to Jacob, Moreover, he shall stand before Eleazar the priest, who shall inquire for him by the judgment of the Urim before the. So, also, Christ; as the Great High Priest, walks in the midst of the Golden Candlesticks, (Rev. It pointed to Christ alone, Who was anointed and lived a completely dedicated life to His Father fulfilling perfectly the will of His Father in all things. But let a man examine himself, and so let him eat of the bread and drink of the cup. 7. Just what is involved in the ministry of Aaron, and of his sons? Verses 7, 8. And you shall make holy garments for Aaron your brother, for glory and for beauty. Now the main point in what has been said is this: we have such a high priest, who has taken His seat at the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens, a minister in the sanctuary and in the true tabernacle, which the Lord pitched, not man. Then Ezra the priest brought the law before the assembly of men, women and all who could listen with understanding, on the first day of the seventh month. Surprisingly, Aaron was not shaken by the anger and accusation of Moses. No men were to be put on a higher spiritual level than others: But do not be called Rabbi; for One is your Teacher, and you are all brothers. Then the captain of the guard took Seraiah the chief priest and Zephaniah the second priest, with the three officers of the temple. He shall make atonement for the holy place, because of the impurities of the sons of Israel and because of their transgressions in regard to all their sins; and thus he shall do for the tent of meeting which abides with them in the midst of their impurities.
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